US State Department Services Dual Nationality.

The concept of dual nationality means that a person is a citizen of two countries at the same time. Each country has its own citizenship laws based on its own policy.Persons may have dual nationality by automatic operation of different laws rather than by choice. For example, a child born in a foreign country to U.S. citizen parents may be both a U.S. citizen and a citizen of the country of birth.

For more information about “dual citizenship” see:

http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1753.html

An excellent video (short) from the US Department of State about why U.S. Immigration is critical to our Nation’s Economic Infrastructure.

Kudos to Hillary Clinton and her staff for promulgating this important information. Visas and visits of foreign nationals to the U.S. is one of the fuels that drives our economy.

Check out the video at:

http://www.travel.state.gov/visa/visa_5663.html

The 2012 H-1B Season is Upon Us . . . Will This Year’s Economy Bring a Lottery? At this juncture it does not seem likely, however, as the statistics from last year show, planning for the H-1B is the key to being able to continue your work authorized status in the U.S. It need not be said, but, it is always best to seek competent immigration legal counsel to be able to find a way to legally remain in authorized work status in the U.S.

Yes, it is that time of year again! We always hear the accountants moan and groan about the approaching April 15th deadline each year but, you have to listen a bit more closely and you will hear (and see) the U.S. business immigration lawyers and attorneys manifesting their continuing distaste for the April 1st filing date for cap-subject H-1B professional and specialty occupation workers. Well, here we go again . . .

April 1st, 2012 marks the first day when prospective H-1B petitioning employers and prospective H-1B employees will be able to apply to the U.S. Department of Labor (”DOL”) for and Labor Condition Application (”LCA”) and Petition to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (”CIS”) for H-1B visa petitions for employment in the fiscal 2012-2013 year (”FY 2012″). Our advice to our H-1B employer clients continues to be that they need to think about filing H-1B petitions on (or very close to) April 1st for new and existing employees (usually international students in OPT) who will be eligible for a first-time H-1B visa to begin their employment on or after October 1st, 2012.

By way of background, each Fiscal Year (FY), Congress has mandated an annual cap of 65,000 H-1B visas for “professional and specialty occupation workers” who possess the equivalence of a U.S. Bachelor’s Degree. There are also an additional 20,000 H-1B visas available for individuals who possess the U.S. Master’s Degree or other advanced degrees from U.S. Colleges or Universities.

Some cases are not subject to the cap. It continues to be the case that H-1B visa petitions filed on behalf of current workers who have been counted previously against the H-1B visa cap are not included in the annual cap established by Congress. Additionally, pursuant to the Chile and Singapore Free Trade Agreement, 6,800 H-1B visas are available exclusively to Chile and Singapore Nationals. The Singapore/Chile numbers reduce the total allotment of H-1B visas available each fiscal year to 58,200.

For many years, our office has assisted international students who had to deal with the “cap-gap” issue. We also assist employers with E-Verify applications so that they can offer international students who are working for them in Optional Practical Training (OPT) a 17 month STEM extension.

In 2008 there was a regulation that gave some assistance to international students in the U.S. who applied for H-1B in their OPT period. At that time, a regulation was promulgated that provided “cap-gap” relief for F-1 students with pending H-1B petitions. For example, F-1 student visa holders who received work authorization in Optional Practical Training (OPT) were permitted to extend the authorized period of stay and work authorization as long as they have received approved H-1B visas prior to the expiration of the OPT.

Also, many Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (”STEM”) students continue to use the STEM extension as a way to have the time they need to petition in the appropriate H-1B cycle. However, to get the STEM extensions, the employer needs to be enrolled in E-Verify.

For the last three (3) fiscal years, the H-1B allotment actually lasted for almost eight to nine months. This past year, the H-1B allocation lasted until the end of November. However, in some years past, the H-1B allotment was actually exhausted within three (3) days of the H-1B visas becoming available. This required the CIS to conduct a “lottery” and only one of three visas submitted was accepted for processing by the CIS. Those were scary times for individuals and companies seeking H-1Bs.

It is likely that the demand for H-1B visas this fiscal year may be greater than it was for last year. We keep hearing that “economic recovery” is on the way. For this reason, we continue to advise our H-1B employers to consider filing on April 1st, or as close to April 1st as possible.

Employers Feel the VIBE . . . Look Out For A New Validation Instrument for Business Enterprises (”VIBE”).

CIS announced in its several recent stakeholders meetings that it will continue to use a new web-based tool called the Validation Instrument for Business Enterprises (”VIBE”). The VIBE program is purportedly designed to enhance the speed and accuracy for the adjudication of certain employment-based immigrant and nonimmigrant petitions.

The VIBE Program uses public information and previously accumulated data by third party provides to validate data about the organizations that file petitions for the temporary and permanent employment of foreign national workers in the U.S.

The VIBE Program allows CIS to electronically “ping” databases. One such database is Dun & Bradstreet (”D&B”). The D&B database contains information about the petitioner organization including, but not limited to:

1. Business activities, such as type of business (North American Industry Classification System code), trade payment information and status (active or inactive);

2. Financial standing including sales volume and credit standing;

3. Number of employees including onsite and globally;

4. Relationships with other entities including foreign affiliates;

5. Status, for example, whether it is a single entity, branch, subsidiary or headquarters;

6. Ownership and legal status, such as LLC, partnership or corporation;

7. Company executives;

8. Date of establishment as a business entity; and

9. Current physical address.

The idea is that a CIS adjudicator will consider the information submitted by the H-1B petitioner and also compare that information to the information that they glean from the VIBE database.

Since the VIBE database is not fully populated, it is likely that H-1B petitions will continue to be met with requests for evidence (”RFEs”), when the H-1B petitions are submitted to the CIS. The receipt by an employer of an RFE is likely to cause delays in processing of the H-1B (even when the cases are submitted with premium processing requests.

As an aside, the CIS also announced that it is working on an electronic registration for H-1B employers to attempt to more streamline the process and to avoid the “run on cap-subject H-1Bs” that has occurred in prior years.

The CIS announced a proposed rule that would establish a system which will allow an H-1B employer to submit an electronic registration prior to the submission of the H-1B. The idea is behind the registration is that before April 1st, the CIS will be able to predict how many visas are being demanded by cap subject H-1B employers/employees. The implementation of this system is still in its genesis

Other important issues in the H-1B arena that employers need to know about include: (1) that CIS announced a review of its policy on H-1B cap exemptions for nonprofit entities that are related to or affiliated with institutions of higher education (examples include teaching hospitals that are affiliated with medical schools or organizations affiliated with nonprofit colleges or universities); and (2) that U.S. employers seeking to sponsor foreign nationals on H-1B, H-1B1 (Chile/Singapore), L-1 and O-1A visas must certify to compliance with Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR).

For any additional information about the 2012 “H-1B season” please feel free to contact our offices at info@visaserve.com

The Nachman Phulwani Zimovcak (NPZ) Law Group P.C. is ready to assist you and your staff with your potential H-1B nonimmigrant professional and specialty occupation worker visa petition before the CIS (legacy INS) and with Consular Processing of H-1B visa cases anywhere in the world.

We can also assist you or your family members with any and all of your immigration law needs in the U.S., Canada and with regard to outbound transfers to select foreign countries.

If you should have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices at 201-670-0006 (x100) for David Nachman, Esq., (x124) for Michael Phulwani, Esq., and (x105) for Ludka Zimovcak, Esq.

We also have Canadian Lawyers on our staff to assist you with transfers to Canada and we have an affiliated office in Mumbai, India and a corresponding office in the Netherlands Antilles.

Description H-1B Season is Upon Us . . . Will This Year’s Economy Bring a Lottery? Probably not, but planning for the H-1B is key to being able to continue your work authorized status in the U.S.

It is that time of year again! We always hear the accountants moan and groan about the approaching April 15th deadline each year but, you have to listen a bit more closely and you will hear (and see) the U.S. business immigration lawyers and attorneys manifesting their distaste for the April 1st filing date for “cap” subject H-1B professional and specialty occupation workers.

Well, here we go again . . .

On April 1st, 2012 marks the first day when prospective H-1B petitioning employers and prospective H-1B employees will be able to apply to the U.S. Department of Labor (”DOL”) for and Labor Condition Application (”LCA”) and Petition to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (”CIS”) for H-1B visa petitions for employment in the fiscal 2012-2013 year (”FY 2013″). Our advice to our H-1B employer clients continues to be that they need to think about filing H-1B petitions on (or very close to) April 1st for new and existing employees who will be eligible for a first-time H-1B visa to begin their employment on or after October 1st, 2012.

Each Fiscal Year, Congress has mandated an annual cap of 65,000 H-1B visas for “professional and specialty occupation workers” who possess the equivalence of a U.S. Bachelor’s Degree. There are also an additional 20,000 H-1B visas available for individuals who possess the equivalence of a U.S. Master’s Degree or other advanced degrees from U.S. Colleges or Universities. It continues to be the case that H-1B visa petitions filed on behalf of current workers who have been counted previously against the H-1B visa cap are not included in the annual cap established by Congress. Additionally, pursuant to the Chile and Singapore Free Trade Agreement, 6,800 H-1B visas are available exclusively to Chile and Singapore Nationals. This reduces the total allotment of H-1B visas available each fiscal year to 58,200.

For many years, our office assisted students who had to deal with the “cap-gap” issue. We also assist employers with E-Verify applications so that they can offer international students the 17 month STEM extensions.

In 2008 there was a regulation that gave some assistance to international students in the U.S. who applied for H-1B in their OPT period. In 2008, a regulation was promulgated that provided “cap-gap” relief for F-1 students with pending H-1B petitions. For example, F-1 student visa holders who received work authorization in Optional Practical Training (OPT) were permitted to extend the authorized period of stay and work authorization as long as they have received approved H-1B visas prior to the expiration of the OPT. Also, many Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (”STEM”) students continue to use the 19 month extension as a way to have the time they need to petition in the appropriate H-1B cycle. However, to get the STEM extensions, the employer needs to be enrolled in E-Verify.

For the last three (3) fiscal years, the H-1B allotment actually lasted for almost eight to nine months. This past year, the H-1B allocation lasted until November. However, in previous years, the H-1B allotment was actually exhausted within three (3) days of the H-1B visas becoming available. This required the CIS to conduct a “lottery” and only one of three visas submitted was accepted for processing by the CIS. The demand for H-1B visas this fiscal year may be greater than it was for last year. We keep hearing that “economic recovery” is on the way. For this reason, we continue to advise our H-1B employers to consider filing on April 1st, or as soon thereafter as possible.

Employers Feel the VIBE . . . Look Out For A New Validation Instrument for Business Enterprises (”VIBE”).

CIS announced in its several recent stakeholders meetings that it will continue to use a new web-based tool called the Validation Instrument for Business Enterprises (”VIBE”). The VIBE program is purportedly designed to enhance the speed and accuracy for the adjudication of certain employment-based immigrant and nonimmigrant petitions. The VIBE Program uses public information and previously accumulated data by third party provides to validate data about the organizations that file petitions for the temporary and permanent employment of foreign national workers in the U.S.

The VIBE Program allows CIS to electronically “ping” databases. One such database is Dun & Bradstreet (”D&B”). The D&B database contains information about the petitioner organization including, but not limited to:

1. Business activities, such as type of business (North American Industry Classification System code), trade payment information and status (active or inactive);

2. Financial standing including sales volume and credit standing;

3. Number of employees including onsite and globally;

4. Relationships with other entities including foreign affiliates;

5. Status, for example, whether it is a single entity, branch, subsidiary or headquarters;

6. Ownership and legal status, such as LLC, partnership or corporation;

7. Company executives;

8. Date of establishment as a business entity; and

9. Current physical address.

The idea is that a CIS adjudicator will consider the information submitted by the H-1B petitioner and also compare that information to the information that they glean from VIBE. Since the VIBE database is not fully populated it is likely that H-1B petitions will continue to be met with requests for evidence (”RFEs”), when the H-1B petitions are submitted to the CIS. The receipt by an employer of an RFE is likely to cause delays in processing of the H-1B (even when the cases are submitted with premium processing requests.

As an aside, the CIS also announced that they are working on an electronic registration for H-1B employers to attempt to more streamline the process and to avoid the “run on cap-subject H-1Bs” that has occurred in prior years. The CIS announced a proposed rule that would establish a system which will allow an H-1B employer to submit an electronic registration prior to the submission of the H-1B. The idea is behind the registration is that before April 1st, the CIS will be able to predict how many visas are being demanded by cap subject H-1B employers/employees. The implementation of this system is still in its genesis

Other changes in the H-1B arena that employers need to know include: (1) that CIS announced a review of its policy on H-1B cap exemptions for nonprofit entities that are related to or affiliated with an institution of higher education (examples include teaching hospitals that are affiliated with medical schools or organizations affiliated with nonprofit colleges or universities; and (2) that U.S. employers seeking to sponsor foreign nationals on H-1B, H-1B1 (Chile/Singapore), L-1 and O-1A visas must certify to compliance with Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR).

For any additional information about the 2012-2013 “H-1B season”, please feel free to contact our offices at [email removed]

The Nachman Phulwani Zimovcak Law Group P.C. is ready to assist you with any and all of your immigration law needs in the U.S.

Please feel free to contact our offices at 201-670-0006 (x100) for David Nachman, Esq., (x124) for Michael Phulwani, Esq., and (x105) for Ludka Zimovcak, Esq.

We also have Canadian Lawyers on our staff to assist you with transfers to Canada and we have an affiliated office in Mumbai, India.

Read more: http://newyork.ebayclassifieds.com/legal-lawyer/new-york/u-s-immigration-law-h-1b-season-is-upon-us-beware-the-cap-gap/?ad=16799191#ixzz1lWYgIRHI

DHS Reforms To Attract And Retain Highly Skilled Immigrants

Release Date: January 31, 2012

The President is deeply committed to fixing our broken immigration system so that it meets our 21st century national security and economic needs. As a part of comprehensive immigration reform, the President supports legislative measures that would attract and retain immigrants who create jobs and boost competitiveness here in the U.S., including creating a “Startup Visa,” strengthening the H-1B program, and “stapling” green cards to the diplomas of certain foreign-born graduates in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. Together these actions would help attract new businesses and new investment to the U.S. and ensure that the U.S. has the most skilled workforce in the world. In the meantime, the Obama Administration is working to make improvements in the areas where we can make a difference.

As part of these ongoing efforts and in recognition of the one-year anniversary of the White House Startup America Initiative, the Department of Homeland Security today announced a series of administrative reforms which will be completed in the future. These reforms reflect the Administration’s continuing commitment to attracting and retaining highly-skilled immigrants. These efforts are critical to continuing our economic recovery and encouraging job creation.

In last week’s State of the Union, President Obama noted that “Innovation is what America has always been about. Most new jobs are created in start-ups and small businesses.” He also stated in his remarks in El Paso last May, “In recent years, a full 25 percent of high-tech startups in the United States were founded by immigrants, leading to more than 200,000 jobs in America.” Echoing this, the President’s Council on Jobs and Competitiveness stated in its recent report, “Highly skilled immigrants create jobs, they donÕt take jobs.” The initiatives described below will serve to make the United States more attractive to highly-skilled foreign students and workers, thereby improving the competitiveness of U.S. companies in the world market and stimulating U.S. job creation.

Expand eligibility for 17-month extension of optional practical training (OPT) for F-1 international students to include students with a prior degree in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).

Presently, an F-1 student may only engage in optional practical training (OPT) for 12 months. F-1 students who graduate in programs of study classified as STEM can obtain a 17-month extension of OPT as part of their F-1 status if the degree they were conferred is included on the DHS list of eligible STEM degree programs. This proposed change would expand eligibility for extension of OPT by including students with a STEM degree that is not the most recent degree the student has received. Furthermore, because of the dynamic nature of STEM related education and training, DHS will continue to review emerging fields for possible inclusion in the list of eligible STEM degree programs.

Allow for additional part-time study for spouses of F-1 students and expand the number of Designated School Officials (DSOs) at schools certified by DHS to enroll international students.

This regulatory reform would allow spouses of F-1 students to enroll in additional academic classes on a part-time basis while their spouse is pursuing full-time studies. Presently, under the current regulation, spouses may only take part-time vocational or recreational classes. Schools would also be given increased flexibility to determine the number of DSOs needed at their institution to meet both the administrative and guidance needs of students.

Provide work authorization for spouses of certain H-1B holders.

This proposed change to the current DHS regulation would allow certain spouses of H-1B visa holders to legally work while their visa holder spouse waits for his or her adjustment of status application to be adjudicated. Specifically, employment will be authorized for H-4 dependent spouses of principal H-1B visa holders who have begun the process of seeking lawful permanent resident status through employment after meeting a minimum period of H-1B status in the U.S. This effort will help retain talented professionals who are valued by U.S. employers and who seek to contribute to our economy.

Allow outstanding professors and researchers to present a broader scope of evidence of academic achievement.

This proposed change to the current DHS regulation would increase the types of evidence that employers can submit to demonstrate that a professor or researcher is among the very best in their field. Presently, applicants for the employment-based immigrant visa category of “outstanding professors and researchers” are limited to specific types of evidence listed by regulation. This would allow “comparable evidence” beyond the specifically articulated regulatory list. This change will harmonize the evidentiary standard for this category with the other exceptional ability immigrant visa categories.

Harmonize rules to allow E-3 visa holders from Australia and H-1B1 visa holders from Singapore and Chile to continue working with their current employer for up to 240 days while their petitions for extension of status are pending.

This proposed regulation would treat E-3 and H-1B1 visa holders the same as other employment-based H-1B and L-1 visa holders by allowing them to continue employment with their current employer for up to 240 days from the expiration of their authorized period of stay, if a petition to extend their status has been timely filed.

Launch Entrepreneurs in Residence initiative

On February 22, 2012, USCIS will launch its Entrepreneurs in Residence initiative with an Information Summit in Silicon Valley, CA, that will bring together high-level representatives from the entrepreneurial community, academia, and federal government agencies to discuss how to maximize current immigration laws’ potential to attract foreign entrepreneurial talent. The Entrepreneurs in Residence initiative builds upon DHS’s August announcement of efforts to promote startup enterprises and spur job creation. The Information Summit will focus on ensuring that immigration pathways for foreign entrepreneurs are clear and consistent, and better reflect today’s business realities. The Summit will include a special recognition of outstanding contributions made by immigrant entrepreneurs to our nation’s economic growth and prosperity. The input gathered at the summit will inform the work of the Entrepreneurs in Residence tactical team, which will bring business experts in-house to work alongside USCIS staff for a period of approximately 90 days. Following the summit, the tactical team will convene in Washington, DC to begin its work. To learn more about the summit, please visit Entrepreneurs in Residence Information Summit.

This page was last reviewed/modified on January 31, 2012.